Albert Einstein's theory of relativity is a set of two scientific theories in physics: special relativity and general relativity. These theories were conceived in order to explain the fact that electromagnetic waves do not conform to the Newtonian laws of motion. Electromagnetic waves were shown to move at a constant speed, independent of the motion of an observer. The core idea of both theories is that two observers who move relative to each other will measure different time and space intervals for the same events, but the content of physical law will be observed the same by both.

Additional resources:

Wikipedia: Theory of relativity
Wikipedia: Albert Einstein
Space and Motion.com
Physical Sciences Information Gateway

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